 On
the 8th od Ashura the Leader of the Islamic Movement Sheikh Ibraheem
Zakzaky spoke further on settlement of the Prophet(SAWA) in Madina
after Hijrah. He said people there were devided into groups:
Among
them were those who beleived and submitted to the prophet, then there
were those who remained on their old way of life of idol worshipping,
though, this group later embraced Islam later individually either
willingly or for a motive or an interest.
The
third group was the hypocrites who submitted physically while thier
hearts had diseases. eg Abdullah bn Salul. These are the groups among
the Arabs. The
fouth group was the jewish setllers who are into tribes too- they
include Banu quraiz, Banu Qainu'qaa and Banu nazir. This classification
was obtained before fathu makka-the conquest of Makka.
Then
came the conquest of Makka. The Prophet went to Makka for Umrah but was
denied entry by the Quraish whom they saw this as an opppturnity and
therefore prepared for war with the prophet to kill him and his
followers. Upon this, the Prophet(SAWA) ordered Muslims to pay
allegiance of death due to the threatening situation. The place is
located near a well call Hudaibiyyah. Upon hearing the news that the
Prophet and his followers were ready to die, the Quraish were
terrified, they sought for reconciliation known as the treaty of
Hudaibiyyah on conditons the Quraish set by themsleves, though, the
conditions were bias. However, they agreed for the Prophet to come back
the next year to perform the Hajj rituals; And there should no war in 10
years.
So,
the Prophet decided to sacrifice animals at the Hudaibiyyah, but among
his followers were some hypocrtes who refused the order of the Prophet
of sacrificiing animals and cutting of ther hair- as part of hajj
rituals. The prophet was advised by Umm Salamah to carryout the tasks
first, when he did, others followed, though, not on their wish. It was
said Ummah Salamah saved the Ummah as refusing the order of the Propeht
is a great fitnah.
The
Quraish were stressed upon the way people embraced Islam.The
Prophet(SAWA) got the chance to dissiminate his da'awah. In less than 10
years the numebr of Muslims expanded in great number. The Prophet even
sent letters of invitation to various kings arround the world, they
include the king of Rum and Persia and Habasha. Infact the number of
Muslims increased, within the period of the treaty, into thousands.
After
the treaty of Hudaibiyyah, the Prophet prepared a war against Haibar,
because of the battle of Handak which they organised against him- it was
the coalition of tribes organised by them. He got upper hand against
Haibar. The news of the victory against Haibar reached Fadak Jewish
settlers, so they run away leaving behind thier belongings and land.
Since no war was fought against Fadak, all the loots- fai'ah, belong to
the Prophet , so the Prophet gave the Fadak - a big plot of fertile land, to
Sayyidah Fatimah(AS). The Jewish sought an agreement from the holy
Prophet, after they were defeated, to cultivate the Fadak and all other
lands and shaire the produce equally between them and the Prophet. They
both agreed and each year the farm produced was given to the Prophet in
Madina. All people in Madina enjoyed the share of the produce.
Fadak
and Haibar towns fell. Before that the Quraish thought that the Prophet
will be killed if he ever attack Haibar. However, both Haibar and Fadak
fell. The Quriash, out of fear of conquering the world by the
prophet(SAWA), decided to brake the treaty before the ten year agreement
lapsed. Abu Sufayn broke the treaty. Though, Abu Sufayn sought for the
renewal of the treaty which he broke after breaking it, but the
Prophet(SAWA) didnt accept. Then the Prophet waged a war against Makka
for braking the treaty. The Prophet entered makka with large number of
people which could not be faced by the Quraish, and they therefore
refused to attack, though, some attemted and run away. So the Prophet
entered makka safely and peacefully. Abu sufyan saw the large number of
Muslims and lost hope .
The
Prophet destoyed the Idols in the presence of idolaters and performed
tawaf- circumbulation of Ka'abah, which he was denied before.
So,
the conquest of Makka brought the end of arrogance. Abu Sufyan
submitted physically, though, expressed doubt in various situations. The
Quraish, upon conquered, thought their men will be killled, however the
Prophet forgave them. This made some to submit while others became more
angry and develop revengeful mind. Muawiyyah submitted to Islam 4
months before the demise of the Prophet, Unforutenlty it was said he was
among the writers of reveletion!
Hawazin
tribe sought they could win over the Prophet, so their leader called on
all the tribe members to come out for war including all their wives,
children and belongings, thinking that this is what make people to run
away from battle field. Hawazin lost as they run away leaving behind
everything they brought. The Prophet won the battle of Hunain too.
The
Prophet got large amount of war loot. He gave thousand camels to Abu
Sufyan and to even the children of Abu Sufyan. The aim of this history
is to arrive at the event of karbala. So, After the conquest of mecca,
Mu'awiyyah and co left to Madina and settled there, thereby causing
various fitnah. They aimed at coup when the Prophet left for a war
mission. Realising thier motives, the Prophet(SAWA) left behing Imam
Ali(AS) to over see affairs in Madina. They didnt like that. These are
the people- hypcrites, who stayed behind in Madina without excuse,
wanted to carry out thier agenda, but failed to do so because Ali was
there. They met met Ali and started mocking him.
Though,
in each of the Prophet's victory, He shaired the wealth with them, yet
they hated him and planned to kill him. Abu Sufyan, never loose hope to
kill the Prophet even at that time. We shall continue on hwo things
ended in Karbala.
After the lecture by the Sheikh he recited Dua Kumayl and gave the closing prayers and Ziyara.
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By Ibrahim Usman
